Bart A Van Wagensveld & Karla El Barmaki
Quro Obesity Center, UAE
Title: Obesity and weight management
Biography
Biography: Bart A Van Wagensveld & Karla El Barmaki
Abstract
According to WHO, obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. It is measured based on the BMI (BMI (kg/m2) =Weight (kg) ÷ Height (m2)) Based on the BMI value people are classified as underweight (<18.5), Normal (18.5-24.9), overweight (25-29.9), obesity (30-39.9) and morbid obesity (40+). The study shows that the main causes of obesity were peoples energy intake was high compared to expenditure which leads to increasing obesity levels. Worldwide obesity has more than tripled since 1975. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion (39%) adults (≥ 18 years) were overweight (39% of men and 40% of women). Of these, over 650 million (13%) were obese (11% of men and 15% of women). Most of the world’s population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight. 41 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2016. In order to reduce the rate of morbid obesity, bariatric surgery is the only effective treatment with long-lasting results. Bariatric surgery leads to a reduction in mortality rates after 5Y, which translates to a decrease in the relative risk of death by 89%. It is also known that obesity is a major risk factor for developing T2DM, with 86% of T2DM patients were either overweight or obese in the UK from this study. Thus, significantly higher diabetes remission rates were reported for gastric bypass (p<0.001) and biliopancreatic diversion (p<0.001) compared to medical therapy.